CHAPTER XXIV.

HALLEY'S COMET—ITS HISTORY AND PORTENT— VISIBLE IN 1910.

The human mind in all ages seems to have instinctively attached the idea of some mysterious agency to the appearance of comets, those erratic wanderers through fields of space whose movements now seem to be as calculable as the motions of those far less remarkable orbs and constellations which we are accustomed to call Fixed Stars, only because we have much more completely comprehended their behavior. Halley's Comet, which has reappeared this year (1910), after an absence of seventy-five years since its last appearance, has a most eventful history, one which seems in large degree to justify the superstitious awe with which it was regarded during the Middle Ages, when it struck terror into the population of many lands, and, according to Draper's narrative, contained in his well-known “History of the Conflict Between Religion and Science,” was at one time solemnly anathematized by the highest ecclesiastical authorities and bidden to depart from the skies, as its presence suggested to their minds some diabolical agency. Though the masses of the people everywhere are supposed to be better educated, and therefore less superstitious, now than formerly, it is by no means uncommon to hear fears expressed today that a comet may work serious disaster. This alarm is very ancient, and, according to Ignatius Donnelly, and some other well-known authors, is traceable to a great cosmic catastrophe which occurred many ages ago, when our planet collided with a comet, and the Age of Fire and Gravel resulted. Whatever foundation there may be for such a tradition, there seems to be nothing in the career of Halley's Comet thus far to justify any morbid apprehensions of physical destruction; but history furnishes us with abounding evidence that truly great events in human history have taken place when this brilliant wanderer has illumined the midnight sky. There seems valid ground for declaring that events move in cycles, that human affairs, like all else in Nature, are subject to a Law of Periodicity, and when this law is more fully understood, we shall be able to read the book of history far more intelligently than most of us are reading it at present.

To the untutored and unscientific mind, the unusual and the unexpected seem always to presage evil, but to the better-informed, change by no means necessarily spells disaster. Granted that great upheavals in the affairs of nations have been persistently contemporary with the appearance of this beautiful celestial traveller, alterations in the map of the world are often unmistakable signs of welcome progress, and far from causing us to believe that when mighty changes impend, disaster is upon us, we may learn to lift up our heads with joy, feeling that deliverance from many curses draweth nigh. The perihelion of our fascinating visitor whose presence in our skies is now attracting immense attention, was calculated by the illustrious astronomer, Edmund Halley, as having occurred August 26, 1531. This same comet reappeared, according to the same authority, October 27, 1607, and then September 15, 1682, at which time Halley himself observed it. Again it made its periodic appearance March 13, 1759, and November 16, 1835, a date within the memory of many witnesses now living. Probably much of the historic interest attaching to its periodic visits is due to the fact that it was in evidence at the time of the Norman Conquest of Great Britain, in 1066, and it has been observed that momentous events have always occurred during periods when it has since been visible. This year of its latest return visit, 1910, has certainly done much to sustain the comet’s reputation as an accompanier of startling occurrences, for very early in the year disturbances of every sort became rife in many lands, and, particularly in America, Labor difficulties have proved extremely difficult to handle. It is certainly far from foolishly superstitious to investigate, as far as we are able, striking coincidences which may throw some light on the always interesting problem of the sympathetic relation between our planet and other members of the stellar universe, though it is inexcusable on the part of any who know how injurious is morbid apprehension of coming calamities, to play upon the fears of the weak-minded and credulous by telling them that a comet in the sky is an augury of coming fell disaster.

For convenience of reference, should any of our readers wish to look up the leading events of the subjoined years and months, we append a list of the dates when Halley’s Comet has been observed, from 11 B. C., to 1910 of our era. We are indebted to an article in the “Popular Science Monthly” (Jan., 1910) for this precise information. There have been twenty-six observed perihelia of this famous comet, the first of which carries us back to 11 B. C. During the present era the perihelion dates have been: January 26, 66; March 29, 141; April 6, 218; April (date not supplied), 295; November 7, 530 (beg.); July 3, 451; November 7, 530 (beg.); October, 684 (date omitted); June 11, 760; March 1, 837; April, 912 (early in month); September 1, 989; April 1, 1066; April 19, 1145; August 22, 1222; October 23, 1301; November 9, 1378; June 8, 1456; August 26, 1531 (all above dates are according to Julian reckoning); October 27, 1607; September 15, 1682; March 13, 1759; November 16, 1835; May 18, 1910. Many and varied have been the conjectural theories advanced concerning comets in general and in particular, but the theory most widely accepted by astronomers to-day is that they are worlds burning out—worlds which have long since accomplished such active missions as our earth is now accomplishing; for it is surely the purpose of the all-wise Designer of the Universe to appoint to every star its place and mission, and as all outward existences have a beginning, so at some time and in some way they must have an end. Astronomy is unquestionably at once the sublimest and most awe-inspiring of all the sciences, and well may we exclaim with the Hebrew poet of old, “The heavens declare the glory of God; the firmament showeth forth the handiwork of the Eternal One.”

It was by scanning the skies that ancient peoples gained all their external ideas of order in the universe; therefore we find that all venerated Scriptures are largely astronomical in their references, and it has even been stated that every Bible story can be traced to an astronomical origin. Whether this be so or not, it is beyond reasonable dispute that a study of the visible heavens was intimately bound up with the duties and occupations of all venerable priesthoods, the members of which, in all renowned ancient countries, were the scientific as well as the religious leaders of the multitude; and now with the revolution of the cycles bringing us again to a point of fresh explorations and revelations, we are reviewing the records of the remote past with ever-increasing interest and fulness, and at the same time witnessing a new cult, or several new cults, springing up among us, seeking to embody the wisdom of the past in consonance with the discoveries of the present. As the new time ripens and the modern spirit matures, we shall certainly grow to appreciate much of the religion and science of our long-departed ancestors, while the brighter light and ampler opportunities for discovery and comparison which will characterize the advancing epoch will enable us to systematize and synthesize the knowledge now available to the end of constructing a synthetic philosophy embracing all the excellences of past systems without their inevitable limitations. At any rate, let such be our fearless aim and quest, then whatever legitimate study or research aids us on our way we shall gladly welcome and embrace it.

FINIS.

Having recently made a fourth visit to Kingston-on-Hudson (a charming resort at all seasons, within easy access of New York City, 85 miles distant, reached in two and a quarter hours), by special invitation of Dr. Charles Oliver Sahler, founder and president of the world-famous Sanitarium at that place, I am now in a position to speak from direct personal observation concerning the practicability of employing modern suggestive methods in the conduct of a large and ever-growing institution.

Practically everybody admits to-day that mental treatment is available and useful in certain classes of disorders, technically styled “Nervous ailments,” but a widespread impression prevails that what are designated Functional and Organic derangements are not to be conquered by other than distinctly physical methods.

Much good work is now being accomplished all over America and in other lands by distinguished doctors of theology as well as of medicine who incline to this popular restricted view, but such opinions must inevitably hamper the proficiency of the work of all who entertain them.

Dr. C. O. Sahler, a regular physician who graduated from the Medical Department of Columbia University, New York City, in 1878, and practiced in the older ways for many years with great success, made a singularly bold venture in 1893 when he started out as pioneer demonstrator of Suggestive Therapeutics in connection with the work of a newly organized Sanitarium which commenced its career in very modest style, with little to support it beyond the ardent enthusiasm of its founder, who was then intuitively certain that a work of the kind he had so bravely undertaken was not only calculated to supply a great necessity, but also destined to grow and thrive until it should command the respect and interests of thoughtful people everywhere.

At Kingston-on-Hudson a pleasant, roomy house was secured in the quietest section of the town, within easy walking distance of the business center. Twenty rooms were available for the accommodation of students and patients seeking instruction and treatment, and very shortly the demand of visitors far exceeded the supply. By 1899 many important additions and improvements had been made and the number of rooms was raised to 42.

Still the work kept growing and demanding larger and larger accommodations, till in 1906 the present large and beautiful institution was completed, still on the old site, containing 160 rooms. One hundred and twenty patients are often in the various buildings at the same time, and including workers in the various departments the population of the Home (for such it truly is) is seldom under 200. Dr. Sahler is now ably assisted in his enormous work by Dr. C. P. Wescott.

It requires marvelous energy and insight to direct and oversee so great an organization, but apparently without any strainful effort Dr. Sahler regularly accomplishes this mighty task, and so effectively that everything runs on so smoothly that one is led to wonder what magical force is directing the affairs from some unseen sanctuary.

The open secret of the whole business is the powerful individuality of the director, whose whole interest is in the work, which he dearly loves, and which never could be accomplished by any human being, no matter how highly trained and naturally gifted, who did not truly enjoy doing the numerous interesting and important things that must be systematically done continually.

One who has been a great factor in developing and organizing this unique system is the present Superintendent, Miss Charlotte Atkins, who has been with the Sanitarium since 1895.

There do we witness the mighty power of self-discipline in active operation. Theorists abound, but highly successful demonstrators are still but few. It is ever the doctor himself, rather than any particular method which can be concretely formulated, which proves the success-compelling factor, and in Dr. Sahler we witness in pre-eminent degree an embodiment of spiritual ardor exquisitely blended with intellectual vigor and sober common sense.

A distinctly distinguishing feature of the Sanitarium is that it is truly what its name declares, an abode of health. Every equipment suggests cheerfulness, the indwellers are all at home in a beautifully-situated mansion where they enjoy the largest possible amount of reasonable liberty, and where they are treated as healthy intellectual human beings, and, as such, provided with abundant means for instruction and entertainment.

Though there are always a large number of patients at Kingston, quite a considerable percentage of the residents are elderly people who are enjoying the blessings of a cheerful home and who find the genial atmosphere, both mental and physical, particularly conducive to their continued welfare and rejuvenation.

Though Dr. Sahler practices suggestion regularly and systematically in specially adapted apartments where patients, while receiving treatment, are secluded from all disturbing sights and sounds, his system is so widely comprehensive that it embraces all that enters into the entire scheme of a comprehensive Sanitarium and the routine of its management.

Love of the beautiful is everywhere in evidence. Simplicity combined with comfort and elegance confronts the visitor at every turn. All the rooms are beautifully but quietly decorated and furnished. There are no glaring colors, but soft, melodious tints everywhere meet the eye, suggesting rest combined with healthy activity. Nobody is idle, and all forms of healthful exercise are carried on to meet the needs of various temperaments.

A great charm of the institution is its thoroughly liberal and up-to-date equipment in all particulars. Gymnastic exercises are encouraged, under an able and experienced director, Miss Louise Gowan, who is an expert demonstrator of the Delsarte and all other refined and delicate modes of physical culture. All exercises are wisely adapted to the exact requirements and present strength of the participants.

The Turkish and Russian baths form a very valuable and attractive feature, and for their management Dr. Sahler has secured a singularly proficient director in George Barnard.

The Craft and Arts Department occupies a large three-story building consisting of Workshops, Art Rooms, Kitchen and Tea Room, under the able directorate of Miss L. F. Wait.

An unassuming, but none the less a valuable worker, is the handy man, Sam, who has been in the Sanitarium since 1901 attending at all times to everybody's comfort by keeping the furnaces going, carrying trays and ministering in many ways to the creature comforts of all within the house. Dr. Sahler regards him as a very important factor in his staff of assistants.

Another very responsible worker is the outside overseer, Ernest Deyo.

Miss Nell Sahler very ably conducts the Department of Domestic Science and Household Economics.

Mrs. Keith-McClintock, Assistant Healer, arrived in 1906 and has proved herself particularly successful with those who require intelligent encouragement and well directed sympathy. Her musical services are also of great value. This highly gifted woman is largely responsible for the many good results which follow upon continued application of theory in practice, her special efforts being always directed toward helping the weak in will and those lacking in necessary self-confidence to comprehend their own interior qualities, which judicial mental treatment always arouses.

While receiving suggestion, either from Dr. Sahler or one of his assistants, the patient reclines on an easy couch in a cozy cabinet, and listens to the comforting assurances of the psychopathist who addresses the sub-consciousness, as well as the outward ear, and explains the method so that teaching is combined with treating.

Considering the highly important work of the Matron of so large an institution, where so many needs have constantly to be met, great praise is due to Miss Rosina Atkins, who is rendering faithful and efficient service in that capacity. Much praise is also due to William Atkins, who admirably fills the post of steward.

Since the opening in 1898 the influential and highly responsible position of Business Manager has been filled by Miss H. M. Terpenning, who is an excellent financier, a true economist in the best meaning of the term, and at the same time one who fully indorses Dr. Sahler’s esthetic contention that grace, utility and liberality must always be made manifest in unity.

The tireless housekeeper, Mrs. Isora Lewis, has also been in her position since 1893, and to her continuous watchful care far more that makes for success is rightly attributable than generally meets the eye.

Another very useful worker, and one who contributes greatly to the comfort of all concerned, is Miss Charlotte Muir, who has had full charge of the dining room since 1903. This active, good-natured young woman accomplishes successfully the difficult task of accommodating all the patients and visitors within necessarily prescribed time limits, in such a manner as to cause no friction among the extremely varied inmates of the house. Punctuality in all things is an inflexible rule, and Dr. Sahler is much to be congratulated on the efficient aid he receives from his large corps of assistants in carrying out this most important rule.

Having now sketched the history and the personnel, let us take a brief but comprehensive glance at the main building and its general floors. In the spacious, light, airy and perfectly ventilated basement we find a lecture room provided with 200 chairs, a spacious platform and a fine piano. In this apartment lectures and excellent entertainments are constantly being given, which are largely attended by townspeople and visitors as well as by those who are dwelling under the Sanitarium roof or domiciled in one of its many auxiliary cottages. On this floor also we find the Turkish Baths, Gymnasium, Billiard Rooms, etc.

The kitchens, in a wing by themselves, are splendidly equipped with every modern appliance for health and utility. These important offices are flooded with sunlight, kept scrupulously clean and presided over by a thoroughly efficient and competent staff of assistants.

On the main entrance floor we find business offices fitted with every appliance for doing a maximum of work with a minimum of effort. Spacious reception rooms, beautifully furnished, containing everything requisite to make guests and patients feel as though they were residing at an excellent family hotel, occupy a large portion of this floor, which in its newest portion contains the private apartments of Dr. Sahler and his family.

Mrs. Sahler, though given to artistic pursuits rather than to domestic oversight, is a charming hostess, at whose private board it is a great privilege to sit.

The public dining room equals in size and general appointments a similar refectory in a thoroughly first-class hotel. The cuisine is excellent and liberal, and though some food specialists might pronounce the dietary all too varied, there is much to commend it from the suggestive standpoint, as it suggests nothing of the conventional sanitarium, and everything of a feeding place for healthy people, with normal appetites and good powers of digestion.

Special food is always supplied under Dr. Sahler's supervision to those whose immediate condition renders specific diet necessary.

The second and third floors are devoted to sleeping apartments, bathrooms and sun parlors. As the view over the adjacent hills is wide and exhilarating the sun parlors are a particularly delightful and health-inspiring feature.

The fourth floor is given over to dormitories entirely, and though accommodation is less expensive in the skylight regions than lower down, it is excellent in all respects, and affords the highest view of the surrounding country, which is extremely picturesque.

In addition to all public and semi-public portions of the establishment, there is an inner sanctum—Dr. Sahler’s private library and treating rooms. This sheltered nook, to which only the specially invited are admitted, reveals the temperament and character of its presiding genius in singularly marked degree; here are art treasures from nearly all over the earth, many of them gems which might adorn cathedrals. These extremely beautiful objects are for the most part offerings sent by grateful patients who owe their restoration to health and their introduction to new-born liberty to the noble work carried on within the sanctuary which their gratitude impels them to adorn.

Graduates from Kingston are doing good work in many places. Among these should be mentioned Mrs. Mary Seaton, now practising very successfully as a mental therapeutist in Washington.

This lady was completely healed of chronic difficulties by Dr. Sahler’s treatment many years ago, and has enjoyed robust health ever since.

We will conclude this sketch of a singularly useful work with a quotation from one of Dr. Sahler’s lectures, which gives a good outline of what is exactly his position.

“The words, ‘Suggestive Therapeutics,’ are so carelessly or loosely used, so misunderstood, that a careful consideration of them is necessary as befitting so important a subject. The combination of these two words does not give a clear meaning or throw a true light on the subject unless they are at first disconnected and analyzed.

First, THERAPEUTICS means that department of medical science that relates to the treatment of disease and action of remedial agents on the human organization. SUGGESTION when spoken of as a remedial agent stands for a truth, although it is not a drug. When one understands or is versed in the use of drugs and their effect upon the human organism, he is known as a THERAPEUTIST or a practitioner of medicine, hence he is called a physician. In truth, a physician is one legally authorized to treat diseases. A true physician is one who is broad-minded, who will treat diseases by any rational method; so the true physician would use SUGGESTION as a curative agent. Here we must study this curative agent. SUGGESTION is not a drug, and to understand first its curative power we ask, What is SUGGESTION?

SUGGESTION is an idea received by an individual consciousness. It may come from any source, by any process, or through any channel. We thus see it is not a material remedy, so we are understandingly directed into the channel of metaphysics. For to use SUGGESTION as a remedial agent we must have an understanding of metaphysics. as he who applies the metaphysical idea of treating is known as a metaphysician, which, in truth, means one versed in the philosophy of the ultimate nature, cause and reason of things. So the ideal physician must of necessity be a metaphysician as well, before he is able to cope with all the ailments or diseases of mankind successfully. Thus we see SUGGESTION and THERAPEUTICS combined really imply a therapeutical practice by a metaphysician or physician who understands the nature, cause and reason of things, and the remedy needed.

Man is a suggestible creature. In fact all animals, as well as man, live, move and have their being by the law of suggestion. The advancement of civilization is due to the larger and better understanding of this law. So it follows, logically, that SUGGESTIVE THERAPEUTICS holds a prominent place.

Practically it is little understood in its real essence as a curative agent by the medical profession, for as members of the profession we have been educated along material lines, treating the body with its intellect as the man, wholly affected by external causes and through external agents, such as drugs, appliances, etc.

We lose sight of the fact that within man, besides his body and intellect, there is a consciousness, and through the latter, according to involuntary law, the body is builded and sustained. It is because of this lack of understanding or knowledge of psychic forces in man, which seems to so shroud this subject with mysticism, that it cannot be explained by the general practitioner.

SUGGESTION as commonly understood is simply persuasion, which may or may not carry much force with it; but from a psychic point of view SUGGESTION becomes a mighty power and so dissimilar to the commonly used word SUGGESTION that when the subject is once understood the former seems to bear no relation to the latter. Unfortunately, it is difficult to explain or express the very truth or life of this subject by an article or a book. One can scarcely form a true idea of its meaning or worth through reading. In fact, the most intelligent or educated patient cannot explain or so understand it as to tell another even after being treated. Still, he has a thorough realization and knowledge in his own consciousness of its influence or power. This is an experience expressed by hundreds of our patients. At no time is the patient unconscious in intellect or feeling while taking treatment, still he has the realization that something is far different from the normal state. He also understands that its force depends upon his own attitude in his consciousness and his relationship to the physician or operator."

Speaking for myself, I have only to add that my several lecture courses at Kingston have proved phenomenally successful. I trust I may again be privileged to visit that delightful spot, which is a center from which healing radiations are extending immeasurably further than our knowledge can estimate.

W. J. Colville.
June, 1910.